Nathaniel Alexander, Inventor of a Folding Chair

Nathaniel Alexander, Inventor of a Folding Chair On July 7, 1911, an African-American man named Nathaniel Alexander of Lynchburg, Virginia licensed a lawn seat. As indicated by his patent, Nathaniel Alexander planned his seat to be utilized in schools, houses of worship, and different halls. His structure incorporated a book rest that was usable for the individual sitting in the seat behind and was perfect for chapel or ensemble use.​ Quick Facts: Nathaniel Alexander Known For: African-American patent holder for a collapsing chairBorn: UnknownParents: UnknownDied: UnknownPublished Works: Patent 997,108, documented March 10, 1911, and allowed July 4 that year Minimal Biographical Data Alexanders development is found on numerous rundowns for dark American innovators. Be that as it may, he has avoided having a lot of anecdotal data thought about him. What can be found mistakes him for an early legislative head of the territory of North Carolina, who was not a dark American. One says he was conceived in the mid 1800s in North Carolina and passed on a very long while before the date of the patent of the lawn seat. Another, which is composed as parody, says he was brought into the world a similar year as the patent was given. These appear to be clearly incorrect. Patent 997108 is the main innovation on record for Nathaniel Alexander, yet on March 10, 1911, his application was seen by two individuals: James R.L. Diggs and C.A. Lindsay. James R.L. Diggs was a Baptist serve from Baltimore (conceived in 1865), who was an individual from the Niagara Movement, and holder of a MA from Bucknell University and a PhD in Sociology from Illinois Wasleyan in 1906 truth be told, Diggs was the principal African-American to hold a Sociology Ph.D. in the United States. The Niagara Movement was a dark social liberties development drove by W.E.B. DuBois and William Monroe Trotter, who gathered in Niagara Falls, Ontario (American lodgings banished blacks), to talk about Jim Crow laws following the Reconstruction. They met every year somewhere in the range of 1905 and 1910: in the middle of 1909 and 1918, Diggs related with DuBois about a potential history of the development, in addition to other things. There may have just been a passing association among Alexan der and Diggs. Foldable Chairs for Churches and Choirs Alexanders collapsing seat isn't the main lawn seat patent in the United States. His advancement was that it incorporated a book rest, making it appropriate for use in places where the rear of one seat could be utilized as a work area or rack by the individual situated behind. This would absolutely be helpful when setting up lines of seats for ensembles, so they could lay music on the seat in front of every vocalist, or for holy places where a petition book, hymn book, or Bible could be set on the perusing rack during the administration. Collapsing seats permit the space to be utilized for different purposes when there isn't a class or faith gathering. Today, numerous assemblies meet in spaces that used to be huge box stores, grocery stores, or other enormous, huge rooms, Using collapsing seats set up just during administrations, they can rapidly transform the space into a congregation. In the early piece of the twentieth century, assemblies in like manner may have met outside, in distribution centers, horse shelters, or different spaces that didnt have fixed seating or seats. Prior Folding Chair Patents Collapsing seats have been being used for a large number of years in numerous societies, including antiquated Egypt and Rome. They were even regularly utilized in houses of worship as ritualistic furniture in the Middle Ages. Here are some different licenses for collapsing seats that were allowed preceding that of Nathaniel Alexander: M.S. Sea shore of Brooklyn, New York licensed a lawn seat for seats, U.S. Patent No. 18377 on October 13, 1857. Be that as it may, this structure has all the earmarks of being a drop-down seat, for example, a plane hop seat as opposed to a seat you can crease, stack, and store away.J.P.A. Spaet, W.F. Berry and J.T. Snoddy of Mount Pleasant, Iowa were conceded U.S. Patent No. 383255 on May 22,â 1888, for a lawn seat intended to look a lot of like a normal seat when being used. It could be collapsed up to be put away and spare space.C. F. Batt protected a lawn seat for liners on June 4, 1889, U.S. Patent No. 404,589. Batts patent notes that he was looking for enhancements for longstanding lawn seat plans, particularly abstaining from having a pivot along the edge arms that can squeeze your fingers when collapsing or unfurling the seat. Sources Alexander, Nathaniel. Seat. Patent 997108. 1911.Batt, C.F. Collapsing Chair. Patent 383255. 1888.Beach, M.S. Burn. Patent 18377. 1857.Pipkin, James Jefferson. James R.L. Diggs. The Negro in Revelation, in History and in Citizenship: What the Race has Done and is Doing. St. Louis: N.D. Thompson Publishing Company, 1902Spaet, J.P.A., W. F. Berry and J.T. Snoddy. Collapsing Chair for Steamers. Patent 404,589. 1889.WEB DuBois Correspondence with J.R.L. Diggs, Special Collections, University of Massachusetts at Amherst.

Existence Essay Example

Presence Essay In A.C Ewings, Proofs of Gods Existence Ewing separates his perspectives with three distinctive arguments.Thefirst is the ontological contention, the second is the cosmological contention, and the third is the teleological argument.Each one of these contentions demonstrates Ewings perspective altogether, and truly. The ontological contention expresses that we demonstrate the presence of God by impressions of what are thoughts are about him. God is comprehended to be an individual or being who knows it all, which at the end of the day is viewed as omniscient. In the case of something is valid, God (genuine or imaginary) would know it.Correspondingly, if something is bogus, God (genuine or invented) would realize that too. Alongside this goes the way that we imagine God as enveloping all soundness. A being who made the universe yet was silly, for instance, would not properly be called God. Another point that underpins this contention is that every single sane individual put stock in th eir own existence.Even in the event that they dont exist, this is recognized to be the case.Existing people accept accurately in their own reality, while imaginary people are tragically mixed up on this point. In the event that God didn't exist, at that point by ourfirst point, above, God would realize that the person didn't exist. However, this negates our subsequent point. So God must Reasoning known as the cosmological contention attempts to legitimize confidence in God by highlighting the presence of the universe, its causal efficiency, and associated proof with its being in some sense intended to incorporate life and intelligence.Some cosmologists accept that the presence and request of the universe can be represented deductively. Its life-allowing character may itself, be clarified through its being partitioned into universes. These could shift arbitrarily in their highlights, our own being one of the maybe exceptionally uncommon ones in which

Public Health protection Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

General Health security - Essay Example In spite of the fact that bacteriology was obviously indispensable for the re-conceptualisation of contaminations, this procedure was in progress, and a few examinations show that there were no significant motivations behind the new information on transmittable illnesses in the act of general wellbeing (Lewis and MacPherson 2007). In Australia, when diphtheria was deciphered in bacteriological terms, a variety of every now and again clashing general wellbeing practices and strategies were looked for in fast movement. These succeeding general wellbeing forms thusly shaped the halfway bacteriological translation of diphtheria and of the control measures for infectious sicknesses (Lawson and Bauman 2001). From the earliest starting point of ‘immunisation’ and notice commitments in the late nineteenth century, general wellbeing arrangement changed quickly to mass cleaning developments in the mid twentieth century, wherein ‘carriers’ were the major, about exceptional, respect (Lawson and Bauman 2001). Identification of the disappointment of these developments since 1922 turned into the establishment of an official arrangement towards mass vaccination, yet its moderate activity inferred that inoculation just gradually supplanted purifying propensities and transporter control as the essentia l preventive methodology. Every one of these strategies were results of bacteriological comprehension and techniques, yet epitomized immensely different practices and thoughts of avoidance (Lewis and MacPherson 2007). The executives of diphtheria satisfied an imperative capacity in the progression of general wellbeing strategies and foundations in Australia. Students of history have differently inspected plague, typhoid, tuberculosis, smallpox, and red fever as contaminations of political and social noteworthiness in the trim of general wellbeing in British states and in Australia in the nineteenth century (Lewis 2003a). In any case, the youth disease of diphtheria has been lacking of the consideration that experts think it merits. Shown measurably, strategically and

Joint replenishment inventory (Can-order replenishment system) Thesis

Joint renewal stock (Can-arrange recharging framework) - Thesis Example Strategy Used: In the gave article of Silver (1981), unique frameworks instead of techniques have been broadly used to reduce arrangement costs acquired dependent on per unit time. In exact, for keeping a more prominent control of expenses related with renewal through diminishing the equivalent, the creator Silver (1981) thought about an unmistakable control framework, which was indicated as (S,c,s) framework. Aside from this, another framework for example Compound Poisson Demand was additionally being utilized for the satisfaction of the above expressed target. In light of the article of Silver (1981), it very well may be discovered that in light of the above examined two specific strategies had the option to satisfy the expressed target, which is talked about in the area beneath. Results and Conclusion: While clarifying the outcomes and reaching a reasonable determination about how the chose control frameworks, for example, Compound Poisson Model and (S,c,s) system had accomplished achievement in diminishing the arrangement recharging costs, it will be fundamental to make reference to that most extreme center was laid upon stock levels. In such manner, as indicated by the article of Silver (1981), the control framework for example (S,c,s) component was utilized wherein unmistakable stock levels were evaluated unendingly with deciding the industrious stock positions. Then again, the Poisson Model was executed to grow the likelihood allotment of whole interest of a specific thing, which happens during the interim of recharging lead time. Regarding results, the article of Silver (1981) uncovered that execution of (S,c,s) instrument is able to lessen the arrangement renewal costs by checking the execution times and creating automated schedules with fulfilling ind icated administration requirements. In this, all in all, it very well may be asserted that the ideas including lead time and stock levels influence the recharging expenses to be expanded or decreased by a significant

Research Paper Essay Topics - What Are The Best Topic Ideas?

Research Paper Essay Topics - What Are The Best Topic Ideas?Why are some people the best when it comes to writing a research paper essay topics? We all know that having a topic to write your essay on is important. You will want your essay to be interesting and to make a lasting impression on the reader. Your topic should be something that you know well and that will make you stand out among the thousands of other writers who are trying to write the same thing.When it comes to research paper topics, you should consider a few things before you even start writing. First of all, you should not forget that you have to write a well-written research paper essay. Therefore, when you begin writing, you should set the guidelines in mind and not let them become hazy. The guidelines that you set for yourself should help you focus on the topics that are important to you.For instance, you could be writing a research paper topic that discusses food additives and the effects they have on your body. However, you might find that this topic is really boring. If you think that the subject may be too difficult for you, then you can choose another topic for your research paper. If you find that there are no topics that interest you, then you should look up the topics online. Some topics are listed in various bookstores and others can be found online.There are many topics available for research paper topics. These topics are not all the same. It can take you some time to figure out which topics are the most interesting and which ones should be left alone.Another thing that you need to consider when it comes to researching research paper topics is the time that you have. There are very few research paper topics that are related to any other topic.A research paper essay should be researched so that you are able to point out facts and details as well as to use research to answer your own questions. While you may be able to find many sources online, it would be wise to read up on the top ic that you want to write about before you start writing. You should remember that if you skip this step, you may not have a very good chance of writing a good research paper essay.You should be prepared to face the challenge of researching your research paper topics. This is something that you should be able to do easily and should not be considered as too much of a challenge.Hopefully, you will be able to get your research paper topics out of the way. Once you have your topic's ready, then you should be able to begin writing. Remember that you should write your research paper essays on subjects that you are interested in.

Computer Science Describe Hardware And Software Components - 550 Words

Computer Science: Describe Hardware And Software Components (Essay Sample) Content: COMPUTER SCIENCEStudents NameInstitutional AffiliationCOMPUTER SCIENCE ASSIGNMENTDescribe hardware and software components.Computer hardware refers to the physical parts of a computer that are connected to the system unit through the use of ports and cables. Example of hardware parts include the mouse, keyboard and the joystick. The hardware part of the computer are responsible for enabling the computer to work effectively. A computer cannot work without the hardware part.Software part of a computer can be simply de described as the combination of various instructions in form of programs. These instructions are responsible for directing the computer on what to do. Good example of software are the application and system software ("Introduction to Computers: Hardware and Software", 2018).Identify basic components of an end user computer systemFor efficient functioning of any computer, an elaborate system should be put in place. The system should be user friendly. A comp lete computer system must consist of the computer hardware which is the tangible parts of any computer. The hardware must be supported by the software part which present instructions which the hardware must utilize. The computer live ware is also very important. This is the human attachment to the computer. The computer is a machine and cannot operate itself. The main components of computer system are hardware, software and live ware (Fisher, 2018).Describe the terminology and function of common computer hardware, software and components.The hardware and software parts of the computer are responsible for proper function. The hardware parts of a computer are divided into input, output, processing and storage devices. The input devices are used to key in data from the user. Example of input devices include the mouse, keyboard and other gaming devices such as the joystick. Output devices present the information to the computer users in form of images, texts and presentations. The outpu t devices are also important and they include the projector, monitor or the screen. Processing devices are for converting the data into information. The processing unit of the computer comprises of the central processing unit. The CPU is composed of the control unit, arithmetic logic unit and the main memory. The storage devices are divided into primary and secondary devices. The primary storage devices have direct link with the computer and include the hard disk. The secondary storage comprises of the Memory cards, flash disks and memory sticks.The software part of a computer consist of instructions that are in form of programs that guides a computer on what to do. The software of the computer is divided into two sections. The application software performs fundamental activities in the computers. Example of application software include Microsoft word and Microsoft excel. System software only stores information that the computer cannot run without (Chau, 2016).Install and configure computer hardware componentsHardware is very fundamental in any computer system. Installation of computer hardware is very important. The hardware parts may also be known as peripheral devices. The hard...

Is It the Author, or His Content Essay - 1404 Words

Orson Scott Card’s novel, Ender’s Game, has been the most popular science fiction novel since its release is 1985. While the book is essentially a fantasy, it contains a lot of scientific and philosophical information that are both manifest and latent. The issue that critics argue over may not necessarily refer to the plot of the book, but rather to its moral dynamics. In this literary analysis, we will analyze Ender and his sibling’s relationship by referencing the Personality Development theory, and the history of many historic biblical saints. But first, the author himself will be analyzed in order to understand what influenced him to write such a popular book. As an author, professor, columnist, and political activist, Orson Scott†¦show more content†¦For instance, in his book Ender’s Game, the main character, Ender Wiggin, and his siblings, Valentine and Peter Wiggin, all share two major similarities. They all are named after historical saints, and wholesomely reflect what psychologist Sigmund Freud refers to as parts of the personality. The key element in Freud’s Personality Theory, is the Ego which operates â€Å"on the reality principle, [and] seeks to gratify the id’s impulses in realistic ways† (Myers). In the novel, Ender symbolized the ego, and developed into a young man that shared his brother Peter’s â€Å"ruthlessness† and his sister Valentine’s â€Å"compassion† (Card). The relationship that Ender had with his siblings was established at the start of the book, but was not made obvious until towards the end when Ender admitted that â€Å"in the moment when [he] truly understand[s] [his] enemy, understand[s] him well enough to defeat him, then in that very moment [he] also love[s] him† (Cars). Ender struggled with the battle of loving his enemy throughout the entire novel. Although he was forced to defeat his enemy in order to protect himself, he ultimately hated himself afterwards. A key scene that portrayed this issue was when Ender was confronted by Bonzo, his old team leader, and seven other boys while in the bathroom. Ender was aware of Bonzo’s plan to kill him, so to avoid hurting him, Ender asked him not to provoke a fight. Instead, Bozo attacked him. Ender had noShow MoreRelatedToday’S Major Media Platforms Are Defining And Developing1365 Words   |  6 Pagesdefining and developing what constitutes the Internet’s version of free speech. As a new form of expression emerges through the use of social media platforms, policymakers must regulate the censorship of posted content while still protecting the integrity of the user’s First Amendment rights. Authors Marvin Ammori, Marjorie Heins, and Jonathan Zittrain engage in synergistic conversation of censorship by mega media platforms’ evolving terms and conditions and their effects on Internet users through theRead MoreSimilarities Between The Dead Man s Pocket And The Trip By Laila Lalami1402 Words   |  6 PagesBradberry, Contents of t he Dead Man’s Pocket by Jack Finney, and The Trip by Laila Lalami there are similar settings, themes, conflicts, and characters that the authors use to help develop the plot. The stories may have different concepts and meanings which help bring forth the plot. These similarities and differences are used to help support how the reader feels and how the story is developed. All through the three selections, the setting helps to create the mood and atmosphere. In Contents of theRead MoreA Report On The And Oregon Shooting : Gunman Dead After College Rampage925 Words   |  4 Pages Since anyone can post content on the Internet, it is important for one to know whether the information he or she has gathered is reliable or not. If one is not careful when doing research, his or her information may not actually be accurate. Thus, it is important to take the proper steps to ensure a website is reliable. When evaluating a website s validity, it is important for one to consider the website s author, publisher, accuracy, currency, bias, content, purpose, knowledge, and layout. TheRead MoreThe Life Of Charlemagne By Einhard965 Words   |  4 PagesThe Life of Charlemagne is an edited version from the original book Two Lives of Charlemagne. The author of the original biography is Einhard, who was his close friend and younger contemporary. He wrote this biography , after his death in 814 CE to honor Charlemagne and his contributions to the Frankish dynasty. In the historical context Charlemagne is believed to have contributed largely in flourishing the Carolingian Empire. In the book, The Life of Charlemagne, Einhard describes Charlemagne’s personalRead MoreEssay Critical Review of Reappraising Cognitive Styles in AWBES837 Words   |  4 Pagesclaimed result put in doubt the conclusions suggested by the study. Method/Procedure In this research, students were firstly labeled as visual, verbal and bimodal learners through a computer test, and then put into groups with learning contents either matched, or deliberately mismatched, or neutral to their learning styles. Then students’ academic performances were compared to see the significance of differences between groups. Questions were raised when the researchers excluded the verbalRead MoreAnalysis Of A Dead Man s Pockets, And Ambush 1507 Words   |  7 Pages1234Literary Analysis Collection 1 Are you ready to analyze three stories? Yes? Awesome! No? Too bad, because here we go! The three stories in question are The Leap, The Contents of a Dead Man’s Pockets, and Ambush. The authors of these stories use aspects of their stories to shape the plot, show the theme, and to change the views of the characters in the stories. The first literary element used in the stories to form the plot, was the setting. In the story Ambush, the narrator is crouching inRead MoreLiterary Analysis : The Leap, The Trip And Contents Of A Deadman s Pocket1402 Words   |  6 PagesLeap, The Trip and Contents of a Deadman’s Pocket share many similarities and differences through various elements of literature. These stories use their themes, settings, conflicts and characters to convey the similarities and differences that are found in each story. One similarity displayed between the three short stories are their similar themes. The themes are very similar because each story contains a theme about risks. For instance, the theme of the short story Contents of a Deadman’s PocketRead MoreLiterary Analysis Short Story1516 Words   |  7 Pages Are you ready to analyze three stories? Yes? Awesome! No? Too bad, because here we go! The three stories in question are The Leap by Louise Erdrich, The Contents of a Dead Man’s Pockets by Jack Finney, and Ambush by Tim O’Brien. The authors of these stories use aspects of their stories to shape the plot, show the theme, and to change the views and opinions of the characters in the stories. The first literary element used in the stories to form the plot, was the setting. In the story Ambush, theRead MoreThe Internet and User Content Essay1104 Words   |  5 Pagescontribution. In the third paragraph the author says, â€Å"The proposed Stop Online Piracy Act, or SOPA, which is being considered in the House while the Senate looks at a similar bill, is deemed the worst thing ever. â€Å" However, at no point does the author state who considers this bill â€Å"the worst thing ever.† There are many people who supported this bill, and I would assume in supporting this bill that they did not think it was the worst bill ever. The author then goes on to say, â€Å"The legislation hasRead MoreHow Vehicle Emissions Is Always Being Discussed By People Of All Different Fields866 Words   |  4 Pagesproblem as â€Å"How can we stop this?†. Authors Khan, ABM S; Clark, Nigel N; Gautam, Mridul; Wayne, W Scott; Thompson, Gregory J and Lyons, Donald W from the Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering at West Virginia University in Morgantown have written an article for the â€Å"Journal of the Air Waste Management Association† on the topic of vehicle emissions. The article is titled Idle emissions from medium heavy-duty diesel and gasoline trucks, the most of the contents of the article are results from

The Presidency Of William Bill Clinton - 926 Words

The Presidency of William (Bill) Clinton began in 1993 and ended in 2001 after two terms. There is no doubt that he President Clinton was one of the most likeable of the President’s. His ‘loveable rogue† image would be needed to help him through scandals that would occur throughout his Presidency. Even before President Clinton would become president the first of his cheating scandals would hit the press in January of 1992 the tabloid magazine The Star would break the story of Gennifer Flowers and Bill Clinton’s affair. Ms. Flowers would claim an affair that lasted over 12 years but with little evidence of an affair it amounted to nothing more than water cooler talk. It would be 1997 before then President Clinton would admit that he did have intimate knowledge of Ms. Flowers but that it only occurred one time. This revelation would come during the course of another Clinton scandal, that of Paula Jones. Paula Jones a former Arkansas State Employee during President Clinton’s years as Governor of Arkansas filed sexual harassment charges against Clinton. Travelgate would be another scandal that would lead to several more that would be the focus of the Clinton years. During Clinton’s first year in off he would fire the White House travel office with the allegation of theft. The workers that were fired were not charged in any court as the court U.S. District Court would throw out the charges. The stress of dealing with this and other problems during the early portion of theShow MoreRelatedBill Clinton : The Second President1057 Words   |  5 Pages Silvey English 3G 02 February 2015 William (Bill) Clinton was only the second president in history to be impeached by the House of Representatives in 1998, but he was acquitted by the Senate the following year (â€Å"Bill Clinton.†). President Clinton was impeached for perjury and for obstruction of justice; however, he was acquitted of both charges just two months later because of â€Å"lack of merit.† Even after being acquitted from his impeachment, Bill Clinton realized he’d made a mistake, as most humansRead MoreThe Speech Of William Jefferson Clinton1387 Words   |  6 Pages William Jefferson Clinton, born on August 19, 1946 in Hope, Arkansa, a small town with a population of 8,000 people would one day become the 42nd president. Bill Clinton was born to his mother, Virginia Cassidy Blythe, a recent widow. Clinton’s father died in a horrible car crash three months before the birth of his son, Being a single mother, Blythe struggled financially and soon moved away to New Orleans to study anesthesiology, leaving her son to live with his grandparents Eldridge and EdithRead MoreLife History of Bill Clinton Essay1735 Words   |  7 PagesBill Clinton William Jefferson Clinton succeeded where no other Democrat since Franklin had. He was re-elected to a second term as President. Clinton also proved most of his critics wrong, surviving the personal scandals that came about. During his presidency, Clinton broke promises and failed in certain areas, but he still had support of the American people. Even after his affair with Monica Lewinsky, the people still wanted him in office. They liked what he was doing for the country andRead MoreWilliam Jefferson Blythe Lll Was Born On August 19, 19461432 Words   |  6 Pages William Jefferson Blythe lll was born on August 19, 1946 in Hope, Arkansas. His parents were Cassidy Blythe and William Jefferson Blythe Jr. His dad died in a car crash three months prior to his birth. He was their only child. His mother re-married Roger Clinton Sr. and they moved to Hot Springs, Arkansas. William Blythe later became William Clinton after being adopted by his step- father. His step-sibling was Roger Clinton Jr born in 1956. His mother had told him from a young age that he was bornRead More President Bill Clinton Essay1663 Words   |  7 PagesBill Clinton William Jefferson Clinton succeeded where no other Democrat since Franklin had. He was re-elected to a second term as President. Clinton also proved most of his critics wrong, surviving the personal scandals that came about. During his presidency, Clinton broke promises and failed in certain areas, but he still had support of the American people. Even after his affair with Monica Lewinsky, the people still wanted him in office. They liked what he was doing for the country andRead MoreBill Clinton : The American Legion Boy s Nation Program1577 Words   |  7 PagesEnglish III 26 March 2016 Bill Clinton Born on Aug. 19, 1946, in Hope, Ark., William (Bill) Jefferson Blythe IV grew up in a bad home situation. His father had died in an automobile accident before his son s birth, and his mother later was forced to leave Bill with his grandparents when she moved to New Orleans to pursue her nursing studies. The family settled in Hot Springs, Ark., after his mother married Roger Clinton, whose surname Bill later adopted. As a young man, Bill was determined to succeedRead MorePresident William Jefferson Clinton : The President Of The United States1318 Words   |  6 Pagescountry. No man wants to be known for the way that they ruined the economy or lost the trust of the citizens because of their poor law making skills or their lack of leadership skills. The president that I chose to analyze was President William Jefferson Clinton. He may not have left the office as a saint, but he did leave an impression on the nation that makes him a well-respected president in America’s history. In David Barber’s book, he focuses on four main character types. They were known asRead MoreBill Clinton : The President Of The United States2085 Words   |  9 PagesBill Clinton was the 42nd president of the United States. Elected in 1992 and sworn into office on January 20, 1993 Clinton lived a lively presidential life and broke many records as president. Clinton was the third youngest president ever elected and won his first ever presidential campaign. Clinton was slick and extremely well spoken. The man had a way with people that had never been seen before. Clinton gained his nickname as â€Å"The comeback kid† once he won the election even after being in deadRead MoreThe Presidency Of The United States : Bill Clinton1800 Words   |  8 Pages42nd Presidency of the United States: Bill Clinton Bill Clinton, whose original name is William Jefferson Blythe III, was born on August 17, 1946 in Hope, Arkansas. Three months before his birth, his father died in a car accident. When Clinton was four years old, his mother, Virginia Dell Kelley, got married to Roger Clinton. Bill Clinton adopted his last name after his stepfather. He excelled as a student and as a saxophone player and once considered becoming a professional musician (FrankRead MorePresident Bush : President Of The United States1244 Words   |  5 PagesAmerica takes in the following four years. There have been short and long speeches, such as George Washington’s and William Harrison, respectively. Each speech marks a trend that let Americans infer the path in which the President plans to take the country. In this paper, one will compare and contrast the path President Trump wants to take us, with the path that President Bill Clinton took when he was president. To better understand an inaugural speech, one also needs to understand the background

Introduction to Management - 2960 Words

Introduction to Management Management nowadays can be seen as one of the most important factors to determine the success of one’s organisation or any business activities. Donnelly et al, (1987) emphasized that there are two important reasons on why we should study about management. The first reason is modern society today depends on specialised institutions and organisations to provide goods and services that we desire daily. These organisations are guided and directed by decisions of one or more individuals called â€Å"managers†. The managers have the authority and the responsibility to allocate society’s resources to the various and often competing ends. Apart from that, the manager is the person in charge to build safe or unsafe products,†¦show more content†¦Analysis of study 1.1 Importance of Management An organisation is a goal-directed, deliberately structured group of people working together to achieve results. In all kind of organisations such as business, governmental, educational, religious and also the service sector required managers to help them to set up direction for other employees to follow as the guidelines. Targets or objectives can only be achieved by focusing on the efforts on how to achieve the target by considering all the resources efficiently and effectively. Management can be defined as the process of planning, organizing, staffing, leading or directing, and controlling an organisation or effort for the purpose of accomplishing a goal. While on the other hand, resourcing involved the process of deployment and manipulation of human resources, financial resources, technological resources and natural resources. 1.2 Managerial Functions : Four Different Functions by Henri Fayol There are many terms that can be described to define management. However, Henri Fayol emphasized that there are only four main functions that has actually work as the guidelines for most of the managers in many years. The four different functions as per below; * Planning A process where the manager identifies and organisation’s goals and strategies and also decides on what is going to happen in the future and generates plans for action as theShow MoreRelatedIntroduction Of Management And Management935 Words   |  4 PagesINTRODUCTION TO MANAGEMENT ACCONTING OVERRATE PLC Management meeting Small, medium or large companies, have one thing in common, make profit, and to make profit we need to make sure that the income has covered all the costs. There are two types of costs, the direct ones, which are easy to identify as they are â€Å"directly† referred, linked to the product or service, which can be traced directly, straight and fully to the product, (e.g. material cost, labour cost, direct expenses, which are knownRead MoreIntroduction to Management999 Words   |  4 PagesThe formation of organization implies that a leader should take the role to control the activities of the group; the work done by the leader is what we call management. Organization and the definition of Management Organization is formed by a group of people who work together. No matter the organization is a profit making ones or non-profit making ones, its formations are to achieve a common purpose or variety of goals, which are the desired future outcomes. The outcomes might be producing aRead MoreIntroduction to Management5240 Words   |  21 Pagesget product discount, bonuses, incentive programs, training, and employee stock ownership plans however salaried worker should be rewarded too through recognition award system or giving out vouchers to the non salaried workers. Management team The management team would be lead by all the executives and presidents in the company who has and extensive experience in managing and executing the Panera business. Mainly to manage all the important sectors like the Concept, Development, Joint VentureRead MoreIntroduction to Program Management1280 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Program Management by Name Course Professors Name University Date Table of Contents INTRODUCTION †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 4 NEED FOR PROGRAM MANAGEMENT TODAY †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 4 PROGRAM MANAGEMENT vs. PORTLIO AND PROJECT MANAGEMENT †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..... 5 ORGANIZATIONS THAT COULD BENEFIT FROM PROGRAM MANAGEMENT †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 6 INDUSTRY SECTOR THAT PROGRAM MANAGEMENT WOULD BE MOST BENEFICIAL †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.... 6 JUSTIFICATION FOR INTRODUCTION OF PROGRAM MANAGEMENT †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 7 CONCLUSIONRead MoreIntroduction to Distribution Management1190 Words   |  5 PagesDistribution Management Introduction to What do we mean by Logistics? †¢ Logistics concerns itself with the movement of the physical flow which begins with the source of supply and ends at the point of consumption. †¢ Logistics is also concerned with: †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Plant and warehouse location Inventory levels Production scheduling Materials management Storage Customer order processing Inwards and outwards freight and †¢ Distribution channels. History of warehouse †¢ In early writingsRead MoreIntroduction to Contract Management1025 Words   |  5 Pages1.0 INTRODUCTION TO CONTRACT MANAGEMENT A contract is an agreement having a lawful object entered into voluntarily by two or more parties, each of whom intends to create one or more legal obligations between or among them. The elements of a contract are offer and acceptance by competent persons having legal capacity who exchanges consideration to create mutuality of obligation. i.e. 1. Offer and Acceptance 2. Competent Persons 3. Consideration 4. Mutual Obligation 5. LawfulRead MoreAn Introduction to Management Styles3058 Words   |  13 PagesUnit 4001 - An Introduction to Management Styles 1. Be able to understand assumptions about human nature and managerial behaviour. 1.1 Identify models which make suppositions about human nature and behaviour at work Theory X and Theory Y represent two sets of assumptions about human nature and human behaviour that are relevant to the practice of management. They describe two contrasting models of workforce motivation. Theory X represents a negative view on of human nature that assumes individualsRead MoreIntroduction to Management Organisations2209 Words   |  9 Pages*BUS1001 Introduction to Management Organisations E*ssay for Semester 1, 2008/9 According to Pettinger (2002), management can variously be defined as a ‘science, profession and art’ and ‘its status lies somewhere between the three ‘with strong elements of each’. Is management a profession were you could qualify in like a doctor, is it science were there’s only â€Å"one best way to manage† (Bennet, Roger (1994)) or is it a skill/ personality in which a manager is has it in their genes from birthRead MoreIntroduction to Finanacial Management2678 Words   |  11 PagesChapter – 1 INTRODUCTION TO FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT MEANING AND DEFINITION OF FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT According to the Encyclopedia of Social Sciences, Corporate finance deals with the financial problems of corporate enterprises. Problems include financial aspects of the promotion of new enterprises and their administration during early development, the accounting problems connected with the distinction between capital and income, the administrative questions created by growth and expansionRead MoreIntroduction to Financial Management2309 Words   |  10 PagesMGT201 (Financial Management) MGT201 Lecture No. 01 Introduction to Financial Management Learning objectives: The purpose of this lecture is to provide you with an overview of financial management. After finishing this lecture, you would be able to have a better understanding of the following. Definition of financial management Significance of financial management for non-finance students and professionals Important concepts and areas in financial management The position of financial managers

Split Brain What Happens when You Have Two Brains

If I would have a split brain, I don’t believe I would act any differently than I act now. The only way to actually notice the differences is when you put yourself through tests. However, if it was a special case, I might not be completely functioning. I would have trouble telling my body what actions to perform. Split brain occurs when there is a lack of a corpus callosum or when the corpus callosum is severed. Making it so there is no connection between the two hemispheres of a person’s brain. A person with a split brain is either born with no corpus callosum or they have undergone a Corpus Callosotomy, which is a procedure that surgically cuts the corpus callosum (separating the brain’s two hemispheres) to lessens epileptic seizures. The brain has two hemispheres, each hemisphere performs a different set of operations from the other hemisphere. The right hemisphere of the brain controls the muscles on the left side of a person’s body. The left hemisphere controls the right side of the body. This also applies to sensory information. Therefore, damage caused to one side of the human brain will affect the opposite side of the person’s body. The right hemisphere controls our spatial abilities, face recognition, visual imagery and music, it is basically the more crea tive of the two. While the left hemisphere controls the more logical abilities, calculations, and math. The hemispheres share information with each other through the corpus callosum. The way that a split-brainShow MoreRelatedEgo Theory and Bundle Theory Essay607 Words   |  3 Pagespersonal identity Parfit begins to describe it and differentiates it from Ego Theory. Parfit states that there are two theories about what persons are or what a person’s personal identity really is. According to Ego Theory, each person has an â€Å"ego,† or subject of experiences. The ego is something intangible, outside of the body and brain, similar to the existence of a soul. Events happen to a person and those events are brought together by the being that experiences it. According to Ego Theory, thisRead MoreUsing The Correlational Method For Study The Divided Brain1521 Words   |  7 Pagesthe Correlational Method to Study the Divided Brain The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the correlational method as a means for examining the relationship between functions of the left and right hemispheres. I will compare the performance of people with intact brains with the performance of so-called split-brain patients. In many ways, the brains of these two groups are very similar. 1a. The brain stem is found in the deepest part of the brain. The brainstem controls the automatic survivalRead MoreAnalysis Of Henrik Wolff s Bullet s The Brain 899 Words   |  4 PagesImagine death. What happens in your final moments? Are you going to think about your loved ones or just simply reminisce on one of the happiest moments of your existence? What would be your very final thought to think? The short story, â€Å"Bullet in the Brain†, is a very intriguing, well-articulated fictional writing piece that captures what happens in the split second of death through the main character Anders. Written by Tobias Wolff, the story follows a man who finds the clichà © in anything and hisRead MoreEssay about the human brain537 Words   |  3 Pagesthe brain and their functions. Although the brain isn’t the largest organ of the human body it is the most complex and controlling organ. It is amazing how complicated the brain is. The brain controls every action within and out of your body. The brain has main areas that contain different areas that have specific functions. For instance the basal ganglia holds the lentiform and the caudate. The brain isn’t just â€Å"THE BRAIN† it is actually a group of many parts. They help to inform the brain on theRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet1478 Words   |  6 PagesYoung lovers defy their families’ long-established vendetta and jeopardize all they have to continue their relationship. The violent commotion between the two lovers, Romeo and Juliet, finally bring peace to their feuding families, with their own death. Like with many suicide cases, there are challenges and decisions being made that lead up to this decision. Often times, we question who contributed to the suicide. Regardless, others argue that Romeo and Juliet should be held accountable for theirRead MoreVisualization Of The Brain1297 Words   |  6 Pages Many processes go on in your body before you complete an action as simple as turning a page over. These processes take place in a matter of milliseconds from the start of you visualizing turning over the page to the actual com pletion of the action of turning the page over. Notably, it starts with your eyes. Your eyes are looking at the page you are about to turn over, they are taking in this information on how the paper looks in front of you and is sending it as light coming in throughRead MoreSchizophrenia, By Swiss Psychiatrist Paul Eugen Bleuler1182 Words   |  5 Pages Schizophrenia, known as the brain disorder in which people interpret reality abnormally is a serious brain disorder. Schizophrenia can distort the way you think, expression emotions, act, and affects the way you react to others. Sufferers also have issues functioning at work, in school, in their relationships, and of course, society as a whole. Schizophrenia, thought as the most debilitating of the mental illnesses, is a life-long disease. Schizophrenia can only be controlled through properRead MoreThe Human Brain1308 Words   |  6 Pagesunderstand the complexity of the human brain. Just as when one goes to buy a car they focus on the outside features instead of what is under the hood and how it works. Just as a car has an engine and other features working the car, the brain has different functions that control not only your movements, but also the way that you perceive the world. With the brain only weighing around three pounds it is known to be the best â€Å"computer syste m† there is. The brain has to communicate with the senses andRead MoreBrain and Behavior1173 Words   |  5 PagesChapter 2 Brain and Behavior The cerebral cortex outer layer of the cerebrum has the two largest hemispheres that covers the upper part of the brain which are divided into smaller portion called lobes. Corticalization is an increase in size of the wrinkling of the cortex and without this we would not be any smarter than any other animal. Cerebral hemispheres are divided into right and left halves of the cortex connected by thick band axon fibers called corpus. Hemispheric specialization, testingRead MorePsychological Disorders Of The Brain1364 Words   |  6 PagesPsychological Disorders of the Brain What people overlook about psychological disorders like schizophrenia is that they are caused by chemical imbalances in the brain. The brain is a soft tissue muscle that has billions of nerves and cells. It controls our functions without it people would not be here. People look at schizophrenics like they are insane. This way of thinking needs to change. The brain is made up of many cells, neurons and glial cells. â€Å"Neurons are cells that send and receive signals

The Dark Side of Writing Edagar Allan Poe and Stephen...

Edgar Allan Poe and Stephen King are famous for their works in horror. Who are these authors and why do they write these horrifying tales? Edgar Allan Poe’s life and literary works are more ominous than Stephen King’s life and literary work. Edgar Allan Poe had a morose story of his life. His life started out with his parents dying when Poe was only three years old. He was adopted by a wealthy tobacco merchant, John Allan and his wife, Frances Valentine Allan. John Allan raised Edgar Allan Poe to be his own, yet Poe wasn’t an Allan much. Poe decided not to go into business for college yet that was the only reason John would pay for Edgar to go to college. So, Edgar Allan Poe had to pay for college on his own. He decided to take up†¦show more content†¦Edgar Allan Poe was found in Baltimore for unknown reason when he was supposedly going to Philadelphia. On the other hand, Stephen King’s life is not as bad as Edgar Allan Poe’s. Stephen King was a surprise to the King Family, when he was born on September 21, 1947. Stephen King’s parent’s relationship was a beastly one, and ended with Stephen’s father leaving when he was two years old. King had ups and downs as a child. Ac cording to Stephen King in an interview, King said, As a young child, King witnessed a horrifying accident. â€Å"The event occurred when I was barely four,† King recounted. â€Å"According to Mom, I had gone off to play at a neighbor’s house — a house that was near a railroad line. About an hour after I left, I came back, she said, ‘as white as a ghost.’ I would not speak for the rest of the day. I would not tell her why I’d not waited to be picked up or phoned that I wanted to come home. I would not tell her why my chum’s mom hadn’t walked me back, but had allowed me to come home alone. It turned out that the kid I had been playing with had been run over by a freight train while playing on or crossing the tracks†¦ My mom never knew if I had been near him when it happened. But I have no memory of the incident at all, only of having been told about it some years after the fact† (blogs.amctv.com). King, in college studied literature to become a writer

Implied Freedom of Political Communication

Question: Discuss about the Implied Freedom of Political Communication. Answer: Introduction: There is no guarantee under the Australian Law which expressly provides with freedom of speech(Coleman v Power, 2004), there has been acknowledgment of this by the High Court under various decisions (Nationwide News Pty Ltd v Wills, 1992) (Australian Capital Television Pty Ltd v Commonwealth, 1992) (Theophanous v Herald Weekly Times Ltd, 1994) that with respect to government and political matters there exists under the Constitution an implied freedom of communication(Stone, 1999). However, there has been much debate with respect to the this freedom's scope and the test which is to be made applicable for the determination of the law's validity which restricts it (Coleman v Power, 2004). In the case of Mulloholland v. Australian Electoral Commission (Mulloholland v. Australian Electoral Commission, 2004), Coleman v. Power (Coleman v Power, 2004) the decision of the High Court has been in particular with respect to the principle which had been set in the case of Lange v Australian Broa dcasting Corporation (Lange v Australian Broadcasting Corporation, 1997). The powers of the legislature and executive are restricted by the implied freedom, and it is not a grant of the personal right to the individuals (Walker, 1997). There is the inclusion of not just speech but also any communication which is non-verbal with respect to government and political matters (Levy v Victoria, 1997), and it is not just to election periods that its application is confined to (Lange v Australian Broadcasting Corporation, 1997). It was found originally by the court that it was from the notion of democracy that was representative that the implied freedom was derived from (Blackshield Williams, 2002). However, the Court in Lange stated that it was the Constitution's structure and text by which the implications had arisen (Lange v Australian Broadcasting Corporation, 1997). It was opined by the High Court that there was an established system of responsible and representative government under the Constitution, particularly in the sections 7, 24, 64 and 128 and that t he freedom of discussing any matters which was governmental and political was indispensable for these government's systems (Lange v Australian Broadcasting Corporation, 1997). It is not necessary that the law is invalid only because of the fact that it is infringing upon the freedom (Lange v Australian Broadcasting Corporation, 1997) (Lange v Australian Broadcasting Corporation, 1997). The Court in Lange had delivered a decision which was unanimous; wherein there was an outlining of a test for the determination of a laws validity. The Constitution's sections 24 and 7 had been emphasized by the Justices and this was further reinforced by various other sections is concerned mainly with the notion of a government that is responsible and Constitution's amendment works in a manner as being the restriction of the powers of the legislature. It was further noted by the High Court that there would not be any law which is invalidated by the freedom which is enacted and was satisfying a diffe rent legitimate goal. The first test was whether there was a burden which had been placed effectively by the law on the freedom of communication with respect to political and government matter either in its operation, terms or effect? The second test being that if there was an effective burden which was being placed by law, is it a adapted and reasonably appropriate law which will aid in achieving the legitimate goal, the accomplishment of which is compatible with the constitutionally prescribed systems of responsible and representative governments maintenance and the procedures which have been prescribed under the section 128 for submission of a amendment which has been proposed in the Constitution to the peoples informed decision (Lange v Australian Broadcasting Corporation, 1997). It is only if in the first limb the answer is yes and the answer in the second limb is no, that the law is valid under this test (Walker, 1997). Therefore there is no absolute implied freedom, but there are limitations to which it is subjective of what for the systems effective operation of the system of responsible and representative government provided under the constitution is essential (Lange v Australian Broadcasting Corporation, 1997). It was in the case of Nationwide News Pty. Ltd. v. Wills and Australian Capital Television Pty. Ltd. v. Common Wealth (ACTV Case) (Australian Capital Television Pty Ltd v Commonwealth, 1992) in the year 1992 where there was a significant dealing with the issue of freedom of speech. It was in the ACTV Case that there was a consideration of whether there existed a Constitutional right which was implied for free speech with respect to political and government affairs. It was held by the majority in High Court that there was indeed a freedom political communication which was implied under the Constitution, this decision was based on the representative nature of the democracy of Australia. Due to this decision of the High Court in the ACTV case, there was a limitation which was placed on the Commonwealth's ability to legislate against the freedom which was implied with respect to the communication. It was, however, in the case of Theophanous v Herald Weekly Times (1994) 182 CLR 104 where there was a political communication's implied freedom which actually made head's turn, where there a constitutional defense which had been allowed by the High Court to put forth with respect to the defamation action. It was stated in the Lange case by High Court that the freedom of communication protection which has been provided under the Constitution is not an absolute free, and that there is a limitation of it to what is important for the operation that is effective of that system of responsible and representative government which has been provided for under the Constitution. At first, the connection that exists between the political communications' implied freedom and the laws of the state are no obvious. As mentioned above the implied freedom derived from the Constitution of the Commonwealth was identified by the High Court first in the year 1992 (Australian Capital Television Pty Ltd v Commonwealth, 1992) on the basis that it was important for supporting the representative system of the government that had been established by the Constitution of the Commonwealth. This implication for a short period was based broadly upon the systems requirement of a government that was representative in nature(Theophanous v Herald Weekly Times Ltd, 1994), but the High Court in the years 1996-97 turned back from the said position, grounding firmly the implied freedom that had been mentioned in the Common Wealth Constitutions text (McGinty v Western Australia, 1996) and particularly in the Consitutions section 7 and 24 which provided that the senators and members are re quired to be chosen by the people directly and the section 128 which provided that the constitutional amendment are required to be approved by the voters through the manner of a referendum prior to such amendment coming into force. It was opined by the High Court that the choice which the electors made in the referendums, as well as the elections of the Commonwealth, must be choices that are informed and free, this can only take place if there is freedom amongst the people to receive and make with respect to matters that are political in nature communications. It was held by the High Court that in the Lange case that the section 24 and 7 and the sections which are related to the Constitution protect essentially the freedom to communicate with the people concerning government or political issues which will enable the people to exercise their informed and free choice as the electors of the Common wealth (Lange v Australian Broadcasting Corporation, 1997) during the referenda or elections. Issues essential is that extent to which the implied freedom of political communication of the Commonwealth limits the power of the legislature of the state. There is the potential of limiting the freedom of political communication by the state law, such as that of defamation concerning the matters which are relevant to the elections of the Commonwealth. The extent, for example, to which there is limitation by the law of state the person's capacity of criticizing the policies of the ministers of the Commonwealth or the integrity or capacities of the candidates standing for election or members of the parliament of the Commonwealth, there will be a potential breach of the freedom which has been implied (Theophanous v Herald Weekly Times Ltd, 1994). It however, essential that it be kept in mind the basis of the constitution of which there is an effect on the state law. This, however, is not a case of inconsistency with the Commonwealth Law wherein under the section 109 where the state law is to be rendered as being inoperative to the extent to which it is inconsistent with the law of the Commonwealth. It is instead an inconsistency with the Constitution of the Commonwealth. It has been provided by the Commonwealth of Australia Constitution Act 1900 (Imp) 63 64 Vict, c 12 covering Clause 5 that the Constitution shall be binding on the judges, courts and every states people notwithstanding anything which is stated by any law of any of the States. The most important attribute which can be gathered with the abovementioned discussion and the unanimous decision in the Lange case and the other related case is that there is certain amount of certainty which has been provided by the High Court with respect to the Freedom of communication political communication thus aiding in giving rise to a system of responsible and representative government. References Australian Capital Television Pty Ltd v Commonwealth, 177 CLR 106 (1992). Blackshield, T. Williams, G. (2002).Australian Constitutional Law Theory(3rd ed.). Coleman v Power, 209 ALR 182, 232 (Kirby J) (2004). Gray, A. (2013). Government funding of non-governmental organisations and the implied freedom of political communication: The constitutionality of gag clauses.Australian Journal Of Political Science,48(4), 456-469. https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10361146.2013.846295 Lange v Australian Broadcasting Corporation, 145 ALR 96 (1997). Levy v Victoria, 189 CLR 579, 594-5 (1997). McGinty v Western Australia, 186 CLR 140 (1996). Mulloholland v. Australian Electoral Commission, 209 ALR 582 (2004). Nationwide News Pty Ltd v Wills, 177 CLR 1 (1992). Stone, A. (1999). The Limits of Constitutional Text and Structure: Standards of Review and the Freedom of Political Communication.Melbourne University Law Review, 668. Theophanous v Herald Weekly Times Ltd, 182 CLR 104 (1994). Walker, K. (1997). Its a Miracle! High Court unanimity on free speech.Alternative Law Journal, 179, 180.

The Philippines A century hence free essay sample

â€Å"The Philippines a Century Hence† is an essay written by Philippine national hero Jose Rizal to forecast the future of the country within a hundred years. Rizal felt that it was time to remind Spain that the circumstances that ushered in the French Revolution could have a telling effect for her in the Philippines. This essay, published in La Solidaridad starts by analyzing the various causes of the miseries suffered by the Filipino people: Spain’s implementation of her military policies – because of such laws, the Philippine population decreased dramatically. Poverty became more rampant than ever, and farmlands were left to wither. The family as a unit of society was neglected, and overall, every aspect of the life of the Filipino was retarded. Deterioration and disappearance of Filipino indigenous culture – when Spain came with the sword and the cross, it began the gradual destruction of the native Philippine culture. Because of this, the Filipinos started losing confidence in their past and their heritage, became doubtful of their present lifestyle, and eventually lost hope in the future and the preservation of their race. We will write a custom essay sample on The Philippines A century hence or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Passivity and submissiveness to the Spanish colonizers – one of the most powerful forces that influenced a culture of silence among the natives were the Spanish friars. Because of the use of force, the Filipinos learned to submit themselves to the will of the foreigners. The question then arises as to what had awakened the hearts and opened the minds of the Filipino people with regards to their plight. Eventually, the natives realized that such oppression in their society by foreign colonizers must no longer be tolerated. One question Rizal raises in this essay is whether or not Spain can indeed prevent the progress of the Philippines: Keeping the people uneducated and ignorant had failed. National consciousness had still awakened, and great Filipino minds still emerged from the rubble. Keeping he people impoverished also came to no avail. On the contrary, living a life of eternal destitution had allowed the Filipinos to act on the desire for a change in their way of life. They began to explore other horizons through which they could move towards progress. Exterminating the people as an alternative to hindering progress did not work either. The Filipino race was able to survive amidst wars and famine, and became even more numerous after such catastrophes. To wipe out the nation altogether would require the sacrifice of thousands of Spanish soldiers, and this is something Spain would not allow. Spain, therefore, had no means to stop the progress of the country. What she needs to do is to change her colonial policies so that they are in keeping with the needs of the Philippine society and to the rising nationalism of the people. What Rizal had envisioned in his essay came true. In 1898, the Americans wrestled with Spain to win the Philippines, and eventually took over the country. Theirs was a reign of democracy and liberty. Five decades after Rizal’s death, the Philippines gained her long-awaited independence. This was in fulfillment of what he had written in his essay: â€Å"History does not record in its annals any lasting domination by one people over another, of different races, of diverse usages and customs, of opposite and divergent ideas. One of the two had to yield and succumb. † _____ PART 1 realization of the the oppression of the colonizers PART 3 1) transformation in a political sense 2) Reforms a. freedom of the press b. filipino rep a. proven yo be truly b. become political trimmers c. act properly criticisms ___ effects of spanish colonization: part 1 // 1. poverty become rampant 2. population decreased/ life was retarded 3. lost indigenous 4. filipino spirit was broken part 3 // 1. importance of free press 2. free press is needed in order to voice their complaints and suggestions toward reformation 3. keep govt in touch with public opinion 4. injustice reasons of spanish govt were also tackled on why they wouldnt risk putting a fil rep in spanish cortes

The Importance of Writing a Sample Outline for Problem Solution Essay

The Importance of Writing a Sample Outline for Problem Solution EssayHaving a sample outline for problem solution essay will give you a great advantage over your peers. This is because students who do not know how to create an outline are often lost when it comes to developing one. This makes them look less like a student and more like a novice, which could mean you receive a lower grade in the class.You need to know that this outline is supposed to be short and concise. It should contain all the information required in order to read the essay. The purpose of the outline is to help the reader determine the correct path to follow. As you are reading this outline, make sure you stay focused on what you are reading.Before you begin writing the outline, make sure you take stock of all the information that you have. Take note of any diagrams or illustrations you have included, as well as your notes. If you have written down some questions, ask yourself whether you have given each question enough attention.To make sure your outline flows easily, you will want to divide the paper into chapters. This will allow you to keep the pieces in their proper places. Make sure you also ask yourself how many pages you will need to turn into a single chapter. This will help you stay organized.When writing a long essay, it will take more time than you have, so try to limit the amount of text you include. This will help keep you from feeling overwhelmed.A sample outline for problem solution essay will also save you from having to stop the process when you realize you have missed something. Writing the outline will also help you avoid some pitfalls that may come up. For example, if you find yourself having to go back and edit your essay, just print the outline and you will not have to worry about going back to the beginning.For most students, it will take some time to write a good outline for problem solution essay. But the effort it will save in the end will be worth it. Just rememb er to pay attention to the information you included, and you will get the grade you are aiming for.

“Lifeboat Ethics the Case Against Helping Poor” free essay sample

In his article â€Å"Lifeboat Ethics: the Case Against Helping Poor,† Garrett Hardin argues that our planet faces the problem of overpopulation. The reproduction rate in poor countries is much higher than in rich countries. Therefore, while population of poor nations is increasing tremendously, the ratio of rich nations steadily decreases. Hardin also introduces the concept of â€Å"The Tragedy of The Commons’’ and explains it as a negative effect on consumers of common resources around the world. It has already occurred in today’s society and not only polluted our environment but also led to overpopulation. The initiative of rich countries to help the poor resulted in creation of The World Food Bank. Yet, Hardin claims that this program stops the development of poor nations and lets them rely on rich countries when emergency occurs. While trying to find a solution for this problem and help the poor, the Rockefeller and Ford Foundations made the â€Å"Green Revolution† program, the goal of which is to teach poor nations to grow â€Å"miracle wheat† and â€Å"miracle rice. We will write a custom essay sample on â€Å"Lifeboat Ethics: the Case Against Helping Poor† or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page † Hardin argues that this program resulted in the spread of cancer and overloading the environment; thus, by trying to save people from starvation, other harms were created. Hardin beliefs that immigration is another push factor of the overpopulation issue because it allows people to escape from poor nations and burden the ecosystem of rich countries. Consequently, in â€Å"Lifeboat Ethics: the Case Against Helping Poor,† Garrett Hardin suggests that our planet could be saved only by following these advices otherwise, there will be nothing left to the next generations.

Aristotles Theory of Morality

Aristotles Theory of Morality Free Online Research Papers Aristotle (384 BC – March 7, 322 BC) was an ancient Greek philosopher, who studied with Plato and taught Alexander the Great. Aristotle believed the task of ethics was to find the highest and best good in human life. All human activities aim at some higher end that we consider good. For example, we study to get good grades, then to be posted to a university, and so on. Most activities are a means to a higher end. The highest human good, then, is that activity that is an end in itself, which Aristotle believes is happiness. Not simply pleasure or any kinds of subjective state, for these are all temporary. When we aim at happiness, we do so for its own sake, not because happiness helps us realize some other end. The happiness Aristotle envisions is a human being â€Å"living well† and â€Å"flourishing†, which carries connotations of success and fulfillment. Happiness depends on living in accordance with appropriate virtues. Virtue is a disposition rather than an activity. That is, a virtuous person is naturally disposed to behave in the right ways for the right reasons, and to feel pleasure in behaving rightly. Once someone has a virtuous moral character, he will naturally be disposed to do the right things, thus making virtuous and morally correct actions. To Aristotle, ethics is not a list of dos and don’ts, nor is it merely a matter of fulfilling your duty (Kantian), not is it merely achieving the best consequences possible with your actions (the utilitarians). Aristotle believed virtue was a mean state between the vices of excess and deficiency, in the case of any particular passion or emotion. For example, the virtuous mean of courage stands between the vices of rashness and cowardice, which represent excess and deficiency respectively. Aristotle lists the following as moral virtues: courage, temperance (moderation), liberality (moderation in giving and taking money), magnificence (correctly dealing with great wealth or power), pride (claiming what is due to you), gentleness (moderation with respect to anger), agreeableness, truthfulness, wittiness and justice.1 However not every action or passion has a mean, as some are wrong no matter what the situation, such as theft, murder, arson. It is not possible to be right with regard to these actions, one must always be wrong. The Aristotelian ethics is advantageous in the sense that they are generally easy to apply, and are more accurate in reality. For example, being virtuous is the most important goal of a human being’s life. Also, it is easy to follow the theory of ‘vices of excess and deficiency’ and apply it in real life. Aristotle assumes the ability of the virtuous person to recognize the best course of action, and a person’s pursuit of eudaimonia (happiness), rightly conceived, will result in virtuous conduct. However, there are some weaknesses in the theory. Aristotle states that living according to virtues is often not enough to guarantee a happy life. Another prerequisite (in addition to virtuous behaviour) is good fortune which brings one the goods necessary, but not sufficient, for a happy life. Another prerequisite for a happy life is health, which is also desired for its own sake. For Aristotle even the most virtuous of men can be denied happiness through the whims of fortune. As a consequence, one cannot be sure of achieving happiness until one’s life is fully played out. It can also be inferred that living a good life does not only require behaving virtuously, but also requires some strokes of good fortune or even luck. This can be perceived to be a weakness, or inconsistency in the theory, as Aristotle firmly advocates that virtue alone brings happiness. However he also acknowledges the weakness in the theory. I feel that his theory on ethics is one of the best ones we can follow as it is thorough in almost all aspects, and also strives for the best good for the human being (achieving eudaimonia). The ‘Golden Mean’ Theory is also highly accurate in real life, albeit the few exceptions which are always wrong (e.g. theft). It is a highly efficient guide to pursuing the best moral character possible. Sources: 1 â€Å"Aristotle lists the following as moral virtues: courage, temperance (moderation), liberality (moderation in giving and taking money), magnificence (correctly dealing with great wealth or power), pride (claiming what is due to you), gentleness (moderation with respect to anger), agreeableness, truthfulness, wittiness and justice.† Adapted from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicomachean_Ethics Research Papers on Aristotle’s Theory of MoralityComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoCapital PunishmentArguments for Physician-Assisted Suicide (PAS)Effects of Television Violence on ChildrenHonest Iagos Truth through DeceptionThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationAnalysis Of A Cosmetics AdvertisementRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andLifes What IfsAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 Europe

Analysis of Multiculturalism in a Global Society Article

Analysis of Multiculturalism in a Global Society - Article Example There many different aspects in which multiculturalism can affect the way people within a society behave. One of the factors that affect the behavior of people the most is the culture in which they are raised in. Culture refers to learned, shared, and integrated way of life (NesSmith, 1995). An example of the impact culture has on the behavior within a society is the different roles of women depending in which part of the world they live in. In the United States, women have equal life and they play an integral role in family life. Not only are the primary caretakers for the children, they also share the financial role with men. â€Å"Women compromise more than half the US workforce† (Missouricollege, 2009). In contrast to the Middle East women have very few rights and men dominate society and have power over most aspects of everyday life. In societies in which one of the gender lives in inequality progress is limited because there is a large opportunity cost associated with in hibiting the rights of women. There are other injustices that occur in foreign nations which in the perspective of the local is the normal activity. An example is the spread of child labor in many developing nations. Children should have the right to receive a proper childhood instead of being forced to work at an age in which neither their minds nor bodies are prepared for the task that should be performed by adults. Multiculturalism can also be utilized in an official manner as a type of policy guideline for governmental matters such as immigration. Three approaches to deal with immigrant groups and their cultures are monoculturalism, melting pots, and multiculturalism (Wordiq, 2009). In a monoculturalism, culture countries implement policies in which immigrants are accepted and assimilated. A melting pot occurs in  places where immigrant cultures are mixed and consolidated. The best example of a melting pot is the United States of America.  

Prices of Palladium Metal Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Prices of Palladium Metal - Assignment Example The diagram given below explains the phenomena: D` D S P1 P2 D D` The diagram exhibits that when alternative metals are found to be usable in manufacture of automobile converters, then Platinum and Titanium are no longer needed for use in automobile converters (Sharma, 2009). Hence, there is a consequent movement in the aggregate demand curve for automobile converters, shown with the movement of curve DD to D`D`. The shift in aggregate demand curve shows there is lesser inclination of buyers of Platinum and Titanium buyers to purchase these metals at a given price level (Agarwal, 2007). The shift in aggregate demand curve alters the equilibrium point at which aggregate demand curve DD intersects with aggregate supply curve SS (Mendes, 2011). It is important to note that the supply curve remain unchanged because suppliers are willing to supply Platinum and Titanium metals at the same price and quantity as before. The new equilibrium point corresponds to a lower price of the metals and reduced quantity of metal being traded in the market (Baurnol, 2011). The elasticity of both demand and supply curve is taken as being ‘unit elastic’ because both suppliers and buyers have alternative materials available. Hence, at the new equilibrium point both price and quantity consumed of the two metals is lower than it was before. The net outcome is a fall in both prices and quantity consumed of the two materials. ii) The above mentioned change took place merely due to the reduced demand for the physical metal in the market. However, another effect takes place in the market after the news of alternative metals become public (Henderson, 2003). The second effect is termed as speculation effect. The speculators in the metal market either maintain a physical stock in their possession or futures contracts of these metals with the hope of selling these metals at a profit. When the news of alternative metals becomes public, these speculators will try to rid themselves of their possession of metal immediately. Their attempt would be motivated by the urge to go out of market before market goes down to a very low level. D S S` P1 P2 This second effect of the decisions of these speculators will change the supply in the market of the alternative metals. There is going to be a short-term increase in the supply of Platinum and Titanium due to unloading effect of speculators. This movement is depicted the diagram above with the rightwards movement of the supply curve. The net effect of this movement is a further decrease in the price of the commodity in the market (Fisher, 2007). However, the effect of reduced quantity consumed will be partly compensated by a partly increase in consumption. Those manufacturers which used to find Titanium and Platinum as too costly would now be able to afford these metals in manufacture of automobile converters. Therefore, the net effect of the above two phenomena in the market for precious metals would be a significant dec rease in the prices of the metals (which could certainly be referred to as a ‘market crash’) and a partly decrease in consumption of Titanium and Platinum. Impact on the Market for Nissan and Mazda The impact of technological breakthrough will also be felt on the market for automobiles as well. In this section, the impact on the market demand and prices of both Mazda and Nissan is discussed. The graphical

FTA of Main Landing Gear Systems

FTA of Main Landing Gear Systems FTA OF MAIN LANDING GEAR SYSTEMS Main Landing Gear System For any aircraft landing gear is the undercarriage which support the craft when it’s not flying, until it to take off and during landing. Landing gear hold net weight of whole aircraft during taxing without any damage. Fig: A380 main landing gear configuration Components of landing gear The materials used to construct gear components are of great importance and are selected as per their properties The main components of landing gear are: Down-lock and drag brace Retraction actuators, Rotational actuators Trunnion Forward trunnion braces Metering pin extension Rotational Lockpins Aft braces Oleo cylinder Oleo piston Axle beam fold and compensation actuator Brake assembly Tires and wheels Sensing wheel Axle beam assembly Failure of lading gear In this part we discussed about the Ductile and Brittle Failure, Stress Corrosion Cracking, Stress Rapture, Fatigue Cracking Failure Dynamic Failure, Landing gear Spring Failure and Wheel Failure. We analyzed these possible problem and construct suitable fault tree analysis in order to identify failure condition in brief. The objective of constructing the fault tree is to investigate and analyze the possible failures and different components and systems of the landing gear with their consequences and solutions. In the case of mechanical failures: There are 12 types of failures Excessive, deflection , thermal shock, impact creep, relaxation, brittle fracture, ductile fracture, wear, spring, failure, corrosion, stress corrosion cracking, and various type of fatigue. On the basis of this problem that can occurs in main landing gear we construct the fault tree to identify the failure condition and met the requirements. Materials for landing gear The materials used for the landing gear are High strength steel Titanium Aluminum Failure mechanism of landing gear Fatigue cracking failure Mostly aircrafts and military experience serious damage and the fatigue. Stress corrosion cracking This SCC is caused by synergy between a corrosive environment and a mechanical tensile stree Dynamic failure When aircraft land on the ground tricycle landing gear and load affected by the ground/pavement response are distributed on the and can cause problem. Landing gear spring failure Here micro cracks acted as stress concentration as well initiation crack site leading the spring to fracture due to fatigue Wheel failure During landing wheel experienced a lot of pressure. Due to this over pressure that could damage 4.2 The fault tree of typical main landing gear system: The main purpose of constructing fault tree is, in order to identify the possible failure of any system which can occurs in any manner. In case of main landing gear, fault tree can be construct on the basis of two main conditions: Fault tree analysis for failure condition 511: one or both MLG fail to extend and down lock with false down and locked indication. Fault tree analysis for failure condition 511: one or both MLG fail to extend and down lock. Between these two failure conditions of main landing gear, I choose to analyzed fault tree analysis for failure comdititon511: one or both MLG fail to extend and down lock with false down and locked indication. The analysis based on fault tree My main object of constructing this fault tree is to identify the typical failure condition of main landing gear in order to save aircraft from it’s hazardous failure As we need to take safety procedure for every parts of aircraft, landing gear is also aspect which cause aircraft in a dangerous mode So in order to overcome this failure of landing gear and for the safety of aircraft, I finally decide and came to know the purpose of failing landing gear and what can be the cause for this. With the help of fault tree analysis, we analyzed the each and every problem inside the landing gear and try to overcome by constructing fault tree In case of LH or RH or both MLG fail to extend and down lock with false down and locked indication, pilot receive alert. So while construction fault tree we take as a main event by using event symbol as shown in fault tree. After we decided main event than we analyzed for the cause of it by using the Boolean symbol called AND gate. We use AND gate so that we could analyze all next true lower level condition which can possibly occur. Possible cause of man landing gear are false LG down position indication and LH or RH MLG fail to extend and down lock. Still there are some cause to fail these two components, which we will define by Boolean logic symbol call OR gate. The purpose of OR gate is to identify among of various possible problem if any of one or more of the next lower level event are true for failure of above condition. In fault tree analysis we solved the problem and come to the conclusion with what if, and with the help of various Boolean logic symbols. The main event that I mention in the top is not only the problem that cause landing gear to fail but also the lower level parameters which fails landing gear fails. When we look from external and if landing gear is not extend during landing than we conclude that the landing gear doesn’t work. But besides engineer who work in the field of safety assessment, other observer will just guess just the landing gear fail. We never thought of what cause the landing gear fails. As per landing gear consists various components so the probability of failure also high. If small components for example spring fails, than the landing gear fail.so in order to overcome these all possible failure fault tree is constructed. Among of various symbols and representation, AND and OR gate plays vital role to make all possible decision for failure. Determination of minimal cut set for fault tree analysis Minimal cut set is define as a combination of primary events sufficient for the top event, on other words intersection of primary event. The main objective of representing a fault tree in terms of various Boolean equations is that these equations can then be used to determine the fault tree’s minimal cut sets and minimal path sets. While we obtain the minimal cut set, the quantification of the fault tree is more or less straightforward. For every fault tree will consists of finite number of minimal cut sets that are unique for that event. There are two kind of minimal cut sets which can occurs the top event to occur. One components minimal cut sets, if there are any, represent those single failures that will cause the top event to occur. Whereas two-components minimal cut sets represents the double failures that together will cause the top event to occur. Similarly for an n- components minimal cut set, all n components in the cut set must fail in order for the top event to occur. The calculation of minimal cut-sets The minimal cut sets expression for the top event can be written as in the general form T = M1 + M2 +†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦+Mk, Here the terms T is the top event and Mi are the minimal cut sets. Whereas for the each minimal cut sets for n-components minimal cut set can be represents as Mi = X1X2.,†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Xn Here the X1 and X2 , etc represents the basic components failure in the fault tree analysis I represents my above failure events as ABC, T is top event caused by all lower level events. Here I want to mention the example of top event expression is T = A + B.C Here A, B and C are components failures. In this example [A] represents the one-components minimal cut set whereas [B.C] represents the tow-components minimal cut set. In order to determine the minimal cut sets of a fault tree, the tree should be translated first to its equivalent Boolean equations. Here I want to mention the example of calculation the minimal cut set to my fault tree The procedure to calculate the minimal cut sets of fault tree T = E1.E2 being AND gate E1 = A+ E3 being OR gate E3 = B+C being OR gate E2 = C+E4 being OR gate E4 = A.B being OR gate Substituting the top down first the expression of minimal cut can be expressed as below T = (A+E3) . (C+E4) = (A.C) + (E4.C) + (E4.A) + (E3.E4) Substituting for E3, T = (A.C) + (B+C).C + E4.A + (B+C). E4 = A.C + B+C + C.C + E4.A + E4.B + E4.C Here according to idempotent law, C.C = C, substituting this value to above equations T = A.C + B.C + C + E4.A + E4.B + E4.C. Again according to the law of absorption twice, A.C + B.C + C + E4.C = C Then the above results become, T = C + E4.A + E4.B Hence, substituting for E4, applying the law of absorption twice, T = C + (A.B).A + (A.B).B = C + A.B The minimal cut sets are thus C and A.B where, [C] is one- components and [A.B] is two-components minimal cut sets.

The Cell Phone Invention :: Expository Essays Research Papers

The Cell Phone Invention We have all seen and used cell phones. However we have probably taken the technology for granted. The cellular telephone has evolved and improved a lot over the years. Before we get into the history let us first get the definition for 'cellular'. It's called cellular because the system uses many base stations to divide a service area into multiple 'cells' (1). Each base station consists of a tower and at the base is the equipment to send and receive signals. Now that it cleared up we will look back into the history. To find the first "cell phone" in history we look back to 1928. In 1928 the Detroit Michigan Police Department made the earliest significant use Mobile radio in a vehicle in the United States. The system operated at a frequency close to 2 MHz. The channels soon became overcrowded (3). This seems like a small and weak signal but at the time it was evolutionary. Nothing like this had ever been done before. It also seems like a crude method but it was just the beginning. The police, different companies, and public agencies were the only ones that got to use the mobile technology, but in 1945 the technology was made for public use. The mobile equipment was not sophisticated enough to prevent interference (3). The concept of using small cells wasn't looked at until 1947. Research found that this would increase the traffic capacity of mobile phones, however the technology didn't exist at that time (1). Also in 1947 AT&T tried to get the FCC to put aside a large band of radio-spectrum frequencies so that widespread mobile telephone service would become feasible (1). The FCC didn't like the idea and didn't back the technology at the time and limited the amount of frequencies. Twenty-one years later, in 1968, the FCC reconsidered AT&T's offer. They stated that, "if the technology to build a better mobile service works, we will increase the frequency allocation, freeing the airwaves for more mobile phones" (1). This is when AT&T and Bell Labs proposed the first idea of 'cells'. There would be many low frequency towers and calls would be passed from tower to tower as phones traveled across the area. Until this time, we have to realize that cell phone research was not a major or popular area. It was probably seen as a worthless study that wouldn't amount to much if anything.

What are the main features of child directed speech and how does it help language acquisition?

The language traits that characterise child-directed speech tend to facilitate the acquisition of language. Children start their lives without language and are faced with the challenge of emerging into a world in which they cannot effectively communicate. From the time a child is born, however, they will begin to associate what happens around them with meaning. As time passes, they will begin to associate unknown verbal forms to known meanings. Parents show a unique type of speaking that is referred to as child-directed speech, motherese, or, more commonly, baby talk for example â€Å"moo-cow†.This speech has many unique characteristics that distinguish it from adult-directed speech. One feature of child language acquisition is that children master language by making mistakes until they fully acquire the skills. This ‘trial and error’ approach shows that learning is taking place, however, phonological development seems also to depend on physical ability to produce sounds. Some phonological errors used by children are deletion in words such as â€Å"do(g)† and â€Å"cu(p)†. Although some add on extra vowels, for example â€Å"doggie†.A lot of young children change one consonant or vowel for another, known as an assimilation such as â€Å"gog† instead of â€Å"dog†. These errors show that as a child learns a word is substitutes the sound of a letter for a different one. In phonology there are a variety of features used by parents for language acquisition such as higher pitch in the parents voice, a greater range of frequencies in the tone, a slower speed of speech, clearer enunciation, emphasis on one or two words in a sentence, and special pronunciations of individual words.This is more common from the mothers as it comes naturally to them and is done in order to allow infants time to process the information being conveyed to them. Rhythm is also emphasized when talking to a child and is used closely with th e emphasis of various syllables. One children can produce sounds effectively they can use these skills to form real words that others can recognize. Proto-words have meaning for the child and the parents so a child needs to acquire the vocabulary that will help them be understood by a wider audience. Also achild needs to learn the meanings of words in order to link objects and ideas. The rate of lexical development in children at 12 months is that they know 50 words which increase to 2,000 at 36 months which shows that language is aquired in the early stages. Parents also tend to use some lexical features in speech such as â€Å"mama† and â€Å"dada† to encourage the child to start speaking, as these words are usually the first two the child says in their early months. As the child starts to progress, the parent uses diminutives like â€Å"doggy†, â€Å"kitty†, â€Å"potty† for the child to understand easily.Children can link a word and the referen t easily as they can usually see it, or see a visual representation in a book. The social and interactive nature of many words also indicate the importance of interacting with others, suggesting that pragmatic awareness is vital to language development. The reduplicative such as â€Å"quack quack† and diminutives like â€Å"mummy† show the bridge between phonological and lexical development. Child directed speech features a unique syntax. Parents usually use short utterances rather than full sentence structures in order to convey meaning to their child.They are often repeated so children have practice in a particular concept. Child directed speech helps infants to detect syntactic boundaries and makes linguistic patterns easier to recognize. Children begin to understand word order through child directed speech which slowly expands into a deeper understanding of sentence structure. However, communicating with children can be difficult if you can’t maintain their attention, so you need to talk about a topic that interests them.For example if you are washing them you could talk about all the different body parts whilst washing them, if they splash talk about the splash. Ask a lot of questions and let them reply as this speeds the acquisition of verbal auxiliaries by the child. Parents should use lots of names for things and many words for actions as they play an important role in later language development. Conversations with children are mostly about the present, here-and-now, rather than topics pertaining to another time, past or future.Regarding grammar, in the first three or four years there is not much point in correcting them as it will just confuse them and may do harm to their confidence and self-esteem. It is best to let the child correct themselves spontaneously when they are ready. However you could drop hints to help them out in correcting what they are saying. In order to relate to a child during â€Å"baby talk†, a parent may deliberately fabricate some words, and may pepper the speech of non verbal utterances. The parents might refer only to objects and events in the immediate surrounding area, and will often repeat the child’s utterances back to them.Children employ a wide variety of phonological simplifications, usually assimilation or reduplication, in learning speech, where the child seizes on a stressed syllable, and repeats it to form a word. Within the context of normal conversation with their children caregivers use a variety of techniques to encourage the continuance of that conversation. Repetition is one of the most frequently used methods of prolonging conversation, as well as one of the particular traits of child-directed speech.Frequently heard words for objects will be better remembered and better articulated than other words once the child begins to develop a productive vocabulary of real words. The more times a child hears a sentence clearly modeled, the more that child†™s language learning is facilitated. The expand and recast technique serves as an alternative to repetition, and, is a method parents often use as it gives children new ideas and helps with the formation of grammar, as well as prolonging the conversation by recasting the prior topic into a new form.Turn-taking is another technique used in child-directed speech. Used early in the child’s development, turn-taking provides infants with the opportunity of learning the structure of conversations. The parents use cues such as exaggerated pauses to help infants learn to take their turns. Routines of turn-taking also serve other functions in linguistic development. Babies gain experience in vocalizing, and participate in situations in which that vocalizing becomes more language-like.

The Relationship Between The Narrator And His Wife

Cathedral The relationship between the narrator and his wife was acrimonious at best. He does not care enough for her to be nice to a house guest who is a friend of hers as evidenced by his comment â€Å"I wasn’t enthusiastic about his visit. He was no one I knew. And his being blind bothered me.† (Carver, 1983, p.2679). In point of fact he seems to be a jerk overall with his comment about the man being blind. I have always believed prejudice is based in ignorance and I think this is a perfect example. He is bothered by a blind man and freely admits to not having any blind friends. He is afraid of what he does not know and of someone who is different. The wife’s comments back to him also divulge a sourness towards their relationship. He writes â€Å"My wife looked at me with irritation† (Carver, 1983, p.2683) and â€Å"My wife gave me a savage look† (Carver, 1983, p.2679) bolstering the conclusion made with the narrators comments above. I think their relationship should change after this. She should leave the jerk and find someone who actually gives a damn about her! Having said that, my training and experience as a former Firefighter/EMT tells me things will only get worse until some big event happens at which point they will get divorced. The significance of the blindness is that he has so much to teach others. It is ironic that the narrator is â€Å"bothered† by this man’s blindness and feels a certain amount of defeat in his inability to describe a Cathedral to him. There is also some shameShow MoreRelated Threatening Relationships in Carver’s Cathedral Essay1235 Words   |  5 PagesThreatening Relationships in Carver’s Cathedral  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚   Although many critics have written numerous accounts of Richard Carver’s Cathedral as being about revelation and overcoming prejudice, they have overlooked a very significant aspect: the unfolding of marital drama. The story tells of how a close outside friendship can threaten marriage by provoking insecurities, creating feelings of invasion of privacy, and aggravating communication barriers. The close outside friendship between the narrator’sRead MoreA Man Becoming Prejudice Against Blind People1710 Words   |  7 Pagestrust another person.The Cathedral is a captivating story based on the lives of the narrator, his wife and a blind man. Raymond Carver is the author of this story, and he does an excellent job allowing the reader to delve into the lives of these characters. Through using the thoughts of the narrator, the reader is able to grab our attention because the story is made more realistic. The views expressed by the narrator in many senses exemplify the views of many in society and therefore the reader isRead MoreAnalysis Of Raymond Carver s Cathedral 1648 Words   |  7 Pages Cathedral is a capitivating story based on the lives of the narrator, his wife and a blind man. Raymond Carver is the author of this story, and he does an excellent job allowing the reader to delve into the lives of these characters. Through using the thoughts of the narrator, the reader is able to grab our attention because the story is made more realistic. The views expressed by the narrator in many senses exemplify the views of many in society and therefore the reader is able to make an emotionalRead MoreAnalysis Of The Narrator Cathedral 1280 Words   |  6 Pagesphysical vision, but seeing requires a deeper level of thoughtfulness. The narrator displays the capability of looking but cannot display the capability of seeing into such depths. The narrator’s whole idea of blindness came from the movies. He said blind people moved slow, were mostly led by dogs, were always serious and never laughed. But that just shows how ignorant he is against the blind. Throughout the whole story the narrator was the character that I didn t like, in fact I thought he was the antagonistRead MoreAnalysis Of Raymond Carver s Cathedral 1006 Words   |  5 Pagesis told from the perspective of a first-person narrator. Throughout the story, the narrator is self-absorbed in his own thoughts and emotions and fails in his willingness to overlook personal insecurities in order to accommodate others’ discomfort, i.e. predominantly his wife and the blind man. In general, the story lacks figurative language and is told in short, direct sentences. This basic structure leaves a lot for the reader to interpret on his or her own. I focused on two paragraphs within RaymondRead MoreCathedral Essay1479 Words   |  6 Pagesthe narrator has an attitude of being selfish, and jealous through the story. The narrator’s wife invites a blind man, Robert, to come stay in their house for a short time while the man visits family members of his own wife who recently passed. The narrator is not enthusiastic because blind people make the narrator uncomfortable, mainly because the narrator has no real experience with the blind. In addition, to his uneasiness with the blind the narrator is uncomfortable with the relationship hisRead MoreThe narrator is told by his wife that she is having her blind friend come spend a night at their1400 Words   |  6 PagesThe narrator is told by his wife that she is having her blind friend come spend a night at their house. His wife had just passed and is a very good friend with the wife and wants the blind man to come stay with them. The narrator is not very happy about the blind man coming to visit and asks the wife where she met him and to talk more about. She explains that she worked f or him, she read to him. When the blind man pulls up, the narrator is already being judgmental and prejudiced towards the blindRead MoreSummary Of The Night By Robert Wife Beulah884 Words   |  4 Pages1. Plot: The narrator is telling a story about his wife friend who is blind man name Robert. Robert wife Beulah has recently died due to cancer. The narrator wife wants Robert to spend the night at their house. The narrator wife used to work for Robert, and she is explaining the relationship between Robert and her. The husband does not like Robert because he is blind. At the end of the night Robert shows the husband how it feels to be blind and changes his views about being blind. The main incidentsRead MoreAnalysis Of IND AFF Or Out Of Love In Sarajevo878 Words   |  4 Pagesscene of the Archduke Franz Ferdinand’s assassination by Princip Bridge. The narrator is in the midst of an affair with her married professor, Peter, and over the duration of the trip, she realizes t he fragility of her relationship with him. Her realization is played out in conjunction with the historic relevance of Princip’s assassination due to the setting being in Sarajevo. As the narrator notices the parallels between her and Princip’s lives, she ultimately decides to end things with Peter inRead MoreAnalysis Of Raymond Carver Cathedral1260 Words   |  6 Pagesknown for his writing style known as minimalism, a style that often uses short phrases or sentences that convey a great amount of meaning. Carver’s â€Å"Cathedral† is full of minimalism, whether it be short and repetitive dialogue or brief thoughts that go through the narrators mind. These intentionally precise sentences are full of meaning, whether it be the importance of communication, or the lack of, the underlying tones of death and jealously, or even the psychological connection between the narrator